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br Conclusions We have shown that despite the development of
2021-12-01

Conclusions We have shown that despite the development of severe insulin intolerance and marked alterations in whole body substrate oxidation that Gcgr−/− mice are protected against olanzapine-induced hyperglycemia. Our data provides evidence that this protective effect is likely due in large par
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Importantly the levels of the pro inflammatory
2021-12-01

Importantly, the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β and Nf-κB, a key transcription factor in chronic inflammatory responses that is activated by pro-inflammatory cytokines, were also reduced by the drugs, confirming our previous results that demonstrated anti-inflammatory effec
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In order to test the influence of the initial depolarization
2021-12-01

In order to test the influence of the initial depolarization, experiments were performed, where the degree of chloride substitution was varied, either by adding n-Ringer to hesperetin receptor incubated in a sucrose Ringer or by suspending the cells directly in Ringers identical to the final composi
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Thus this work aims to
2021-12-01

Thus, this work aims to evaluate the effect of tannic tropisetron sale on β-galactosidase activity, by observing the variations in the molecular interaction kinetic parameters ( and ). Besides, these data were correlated with the modifications that the tannin caused to the enzyme’s secondary struct
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br Introduction GPR also known as free fatty
2021-12-01

Introduction GPR40 (also known as free fatty Cefepime Dihydrochloride Monohydrate receptor 1), a member of the G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) family, is expressed in pancreatic beta cells, intestine and the central nervous system (Bekinschtein et al., 2008; Itoh et al., 2003). It is activated
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br Introduction In addition to glucose which is
2021-12-01

Introduction In addition to glucose, which is the foremost stimulator of insulin secretion in beta-cells, other nutrients such as free fatty acids (also called non-esterified fatty acids, NEFA) contribute to glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Glucose triggers the processes leading to in
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Here we show in contrast to
2021-12-01

Here we show, in contrast to previous work, that several phenotypes associated with Orb6 inactivation, including increased cell width, are independent of Gef1. We further find that Orb6 positively regulates exocytosis, also independently of Gef1. To identify novel targets of Orb6, we performed quant
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Endotoxin induced pulmonary hypertension is
2021-12-01

Endotoxin induced-pulmonary E-4031 mg is a reproducible finding in various animal models Leeper-Woodford et al., 1991, Weitzberg et al., 1993 and is also a feature of human sepsis where it may affect right ventricular function (Vincent, 1998). Mechanisms such as vasoconstriction and leukocyte aggreg
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A common principle to ameliorate underquantification because
2021-12-01

A common principle to ameliorate underquantification because of primer or probe mismatching is to employ multiple targets for detection or quantification of blood borne viruses [14]. Dual targeting real time PCRs have become common for quantification of HIV-1 [15], [16]. In a recent paper arguing fo
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Another interesting approach is to use
2021-12-01

Another interesting approach is to use partial agonists as starting point to develop specific antagonists like done in earlier decades [64], [65]. Possible indications for an attenuation of the NO/sGC signalling pathway might be specific neuronal disorders: an involvement in the aetiology of migrain
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br Acknowledgements This work was supported by a grant
2021-12-01

Acknowledgements This work was supported by a grant from the BBSRC (BB/D011809/1) to GJL and The Royal Society to SHS (Uf090321). SIM and AH were the recipients of scholarships from HEC Pakistan. Introduction Iron (Fe) is the fourth most abundant element in the earth’s crust. However, Fe is o
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In summary through medicinal chemistry
2021-12-01

In summary, through medicinal chemistry design and computer-assisted conformational modeling, the initial lead was evolved into a series of dihydrobenzofuran derivatives, , as potent GPR119 agonists. Optimization of general structure at various regions of the molecule, including the substituent on
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Thus synthesized thienopyrimidine derivatives were evaluated
2021-12-01

Thus synthesized thienopyrimidine derivatives were evaluated in vitro for GPR119 agonistic activity, and the results are summarized in , , . First, we fixed the 4-methylsulfonylphenyl substituent at the R position on the thienopyrimidine ring, and derivatized at the R position. As shown in , and s
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Compared to methadone or morphine buprenorphine
2021-12-01

Compared to methadone or morphine, buprenorphine is a partial mu-opioid agonist, which shows high affinity for, and slow dissociation from, mu-opioid receptors. This maintenance of homeostasis may help to counter the development of an overt withdrawal syndrome, and may explain the lower risk of deve
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br Advanced Glycation Endproducts As glucose levels
2021-11-30

Advanced Glycation Endproducts As glucose levels rise within sensory neurons as a result of hyperglycemia, normal metabolic pathways become overwhelmed and excess glucose is shunted into other ancillary pathways that, under these conditions, become damaging. One consequence of hyperglycemia is th
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